Where are eSignatures legal?
Short answer: almost everywhere you do business. Pick your country for the law that applies, or search all 78 below.
Map based on MapSVG, CC BY 4.0.
Countries where eSignatures are legal
Each one has a law that gives an electronic signature the same standing as ink when its conditions are met. Pick one to see it on the map.
- Argentina2001 Digital Signature Law 25.506
- Australia1999 Electronic Transactions Act 1999 (Cth) and state Acts
- Austria2016 eIDAS and Signature and Trust Services Act
- Bahrain2018 Electronic Communications and Transactions Law
- Bangladesh2006 Information and Communication Technology Act
- Belgium2016 eIDAS Regulation (EU) No 910/2014
- Brazil2001 MP 2.200-2/2001 and Law 14.063/2020
- Bulgaria2016 eIDAS Regulation (EU) No 910/2014
- Canada2000 PIPEDA Part 2 and provincial Electronic Commerce Acts
- Chile2002 Law 19.799 on Electronic Documents and Signatures
- China2005 Electronic Signature Law
- Colombia1999 Law 527 of 1999
- Croatia2016 eIDAS Regulation (EU) No 910/2014
- Cyprus2016 eIDAS Regulation (EU) No 910/2014
- Czechia2016 eIDAS and Act on Trust Services
- Denmark2016 eIDAS Regulation (EU) No 910/2014
- Ecuador2002 Law on Electronic Commerce, Signatures and Data Messages
- Egypt2004 Law No. 15 of 2004 on Electronic Signature
- Estonia2016 eIDAS Regulation (EU) No 910/2014
- Finland2016 eIDAS Regulation (EU) No 910/2014
- France2016 eIDAS and Code civil, articles 1366–1367
- Germany2016 eIDAS and BGB §126a
- Ghana2008 Electronic Transactions Act, 2008 (Act 772)
- Greece2016 eIDAS Regulation (EU) No 910/2014
- Hong Kong2000 Electronic Transactions Ordinance (Cap. 553)
- Hungary2016 eIDAS Regulation (EU) No 910/2014
- Iceland2019 eIDAS (EEA)
- India2000 Information Technology Act, 2000
- Indonesia2008 Law No. 11 of 2008 on Electronic Information and Transactions
- Ireland2000 eIDAS and Electronic Commerce Act 2000
- Israel2001 Electronic Signature Law
- Italy2016 eIDAS and the Digital Administration Code
- Japan2001 Act on Electronic Signatures and Certification Business
- Kenya2009 Kenya Information and Communications Act
- Kuwait2014 Law No. 20 of 2014 on Electronic Transactions
- Latvia2016 eIDAS Regulation (EU) No 910/2014
- Lithuania2016 eIDAS Regulation (EU) No 910/2014
- Luxembourg2016 eIDAS Regulation (EU) No 910/2014
- Malaysia1997 Digital Signature Act 1997 and Electronic Commerce Act 2006
- Malta2016 eIDAS Regulation (EU) No 910/2014
- Mauritius2000 Electronic Transactions Act
- Mexico2000 Commercial Code and Advanced Electronic Signature Law
- Morocco2020 Law 43-20 on Trust Services
- Nepal2008 Electronic Transactions Act
- Netherlands2016 eIDAS and Civil Code, article 3:15a
- New Zealand2017 Contract and Commercial Law Act 2017, Part 4
- Nigeria2011 Evidence Act 2011, section 93
- Norway2018 eIDAS (EEA) and Electronic Trust Services Act
- Oman2008 Electronic Transactions Law (Royal Decree 69/2008)
- Pakistan2002 Electronic Transactions Ordinance
- Peru2000 Law 27269 on Digital Signatures and Certificates
- Philippines2000 Electronic Commerce Act (RA 8792)
- Poland2016 eIDAS and Civil Code, article 78¹
- Portugal2016 eIDAS Regulation (EU) No 910/2014
- Qatar2010 Decree-Law No. 16 of 2010 on Electronic Commerce and Transactions
- Romania2016 eIDAS and Law 455/2001
- Russia2011 Federal Law No. 63-FZ on Electronic Signature
- Rwanda2010 Law 18/2010 on Electronic Messages, Signatures and Transactions
- Saudi Arabia2007 Electronic Transactions Law
- Singapore2010 Electronic Transactions Act 2010
- Slovakia2016 eIDAS Regulation (EU) No 910/2014
- Slovenia2016 eIDAS Regulation (EU) No 910/2014
- South Africa2002 Electronic Communications and Transactions Act
- South Korea1999 Digital Signature Act
- Spain2016 eIDAS and Law 6/2020 on trust services
- Sri Lanka2006 Electronic Transactions Act No. 19 of 2006
- Sweden2016 eIDAS Regulation (EU) No 910/2014
- Switzerland2017 ZertES, Federal Act on Electronic Signatures
- Taiwan2002 Electronic Signatures Act
- Thailand2001 Electronic Transactions Act
- Tunisia2000 Law 2000-83 on Electronic Exchanges and Commerce
- Türkiye2004 Electronic Signature Law No. 5070
- Ukraine2018 Law on Electronic Identification and Trust Services
- United Arab Emirates2022 Federal Decree-Law No. 46 of 2021
- United Kingdom2000 Electronic Communications Act 2000 and UK eIDAS
- United States2000 ESIGN Act and UETA
- Uruguay2009 Law 18.600 on Electronic Documents and Signatures
- Vietnam2024 Law on Electronic Transactions
No country matches “”. Most countries not listed here follow the UNCITRAL Model Law on Electronic Signatures.
- How eSignature works The mark, the consent and the sealed PDF, step by step.
- How the audit trail proves it What is recorded at each step, and why an edit after signing shows.
- eSignatures under eIDAS Simple, advanced and qualified signatures in the EU, and which one you get.
General information, not legal advice. Laws change and courts read them differently, so check with a qualified lawyer before relying on an eSignature for a regulated or high-value document. Last reviewed 9 October 2026.
Common questions about eSignatures
Still unsure about a document? Write to us.
[email protected]Are eSignatures legally binding?
Yes, in nearly every country with a modern commerce law. A contract does not lose its force because it was signed on a screen. What matters is proof of who signed, that they meant to, and that the document has not changed since.
Can I sign any kind of document with an eSignature?
Most business documents, yes: contracts, NDAs, offer letters, leases and invoices. A short list, usually wills, some property deeds and powers of attorney, still needs ink, a witness or a notary. Pick your country above to see its list.
Can I sign a PDF?
Yes. Upload it, place the fields and send. The signed copy comes back sealed, so any later edit shows.
Is the audit trail as binding as paper records?
Courts accept electronic records as evidence. In India this falls under the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023; in the US under ESIGN and the Federal Rules of Evidence. A tamper-evident trail is harder to dispute than a paper file.
Do I need to keep a paper copy?
No. Keep the signed PDF and its audit certificate where you can open them later. Most laws accept an electronic record as the original as long as it stays accurate.
When does an eSignature not work?
When a law asks for a specific form: a will, a deed that needs a witness, or a document that must be notarised or stamped. For these, follow the local process.
Moving your paperwork online?
Send your first document in a few minutes. Every signed copy comes back sealed, with its audit trail.